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Toyota RAV4

The Toyota RAV4 is a compact crossover SUV (sport utility vehicle) produced by the Japanese automobile manufacturer Toyota. This was the first compact crossover SUV;[1] it made its debut in Japan and Europe in 1994,[2] and in North America in 1995. The vehicle was designed for consumers wanting a vehicle that had most of the benefits of SUVs, such as increased cargo room, higher visibility, and the option of full-time four-wheel drive, along with the maneuverability and fuel economy of a compact car. Although not all RAV4s are four-wheel-drive, RAV4 stands for "Recreational Active Vehicle with 4-wheel drive", because the aforementioned equipment is an option in select countries.[3]

In most markets, the RAV4 is the only compact SUV or crossover available from Toyota. In other markets, it is the crossover counterpart of the Toyota FJ Cruiser.

Since the 2006 third generation model, Toyota has offered both short- and long-wheelbase versions of the RAV4. Short-wheelbase versions are sold in Japan and Europe; long-wheelbase versions in Australia and North America. Toyota of Japan also sells the longer-wheelbase version as the Toyota Vanguard, at Toyopet Store locations. Japanese versions are sold at two different Toyota Japanese dealerships, called Toyota Corolla Store and Toyota NETZ Store.

First generation (XA10; 1994–2000)

Facelift Toyota RAV4 5-door (Australia)

The first generation RAV4, known as the XA10 series was constructed on a unique platform that shared Carina and Corolla elements.[4] It launched in Japan in May 1994.

The XA10 series was offered in both three- and five-door versions. In the US, a 2.0-liter straight-four producing 89 kW (119 hp; 121 PS) was offered. Both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive were available, and the RAV4 could be had with either a five-speed manual or four-speed automatic transmission. It was named the 1997 Automobile of the Year by Automobile Magazine. In 1997 for the 1998 model year, the RAV4 was slightly restyled on the front and rear fascias, and a soft top three-door was made available. Power was increased slightly to 95 kW (127 hp; 129 PS). In June 1999, the two-door hardtop was dropped from the American lineup, leaving the five-door and soft top models. In Japan, the 2.0-liter 3S-GE BEAMS engine with 132 kW (177 hp; 179 PS) was also available.

RAV4 EV

Main article: Toyota RAV4 EV

The RAV4 EV is a plug-in, all-electric variant of the RAV4. Produced from 1997 to 2003 for fleet lease, this "zero emission" model was only offered for public sale for seven months in 2002, in very small quantities in California. Powered by an advanced Nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) battery pack capable of storing 27 kWh, the RAV4 EV can go up to 193 kilometres (120 mi) between charges, and came with a 97,000-kilometre (60,000 mi) battery warranty.[citation needed] A total of 1,484 units were leased and/or sold in California,[5] and as of mid-2012, there were almost 500 units still in use.[6]

Gallery

Pre-facelift Toyota RAV4 5-door (Australia) 
Facelift Toyota RAV4 hardtop (Australia) 
Facelift Toyota RAV4 softtop (Australia) 

Second generation (XA20; 2000–2005)

The second generation, XA20 series RAV4 went on sale in July 2000. Like the previous model, the XA20 was available in three- and five-door configurations and was constructed on a platform that shared Carina and Corolla elements. Development began in 1995, with a design freeze in the first half of 1998. Styling was done at Calty Design Research Incorporated (also simply known as Calty) by Yasuhide Hosoda and Kevin Hunter from 1996 to 1997.[4]

Pre-facelift Toyota RAV4 Edge (Australia) Interior

The second generation RAV4 was originally offered in a number of trim levels in the UK: NV was front-wheel drive, while NRG, GX, and VX were permanent four-wheel drive with differing levels of equipment.[8] Although the RAV4 was available as a three-door in Europe, Asia and Australia, the American model was now only available in a five-door configuration. A 1.8-liter inline-four engine (only with 2WD) producing 92 kW (123 hp; 125 PS), 2.0-liter inline-four engine producing 110 kW (150 hp; 150 PS), 2.4-liter inline-four engine producing 118 kW (158 hp; 160 PS), and a D-4D diesel engine were available. Some RAV4s came with anti-lock braking system, electronic stability control, air conditioning, a height-adjustable driver's seat, cruise control, a six-speaker CD stereo and power windows, mirrors and seats. A sport package added a mesh grille, bonnet scoop, colour-keyed door handles, a roof rack, silver sport pedals, heated mirrors, gray-painted bumpers and fender flares, and sport fabric seats. Other options included alloy wheels, heated seats, a sunroof and keyless entry. 16-inch wheels were standard; larger tires were available on all-wheel-drive models.

In Australia, the RAV4 came in base Edge and upmarket Cruiser models in both three- and five-door configurations. The main differentiation between the two models was in appearance. Edge models came with unpainted grey bumpers and side cladding, mirrors, and door handles, and featured steel rims. Cruiser models gained body-coloured (painted) bumpers and moldings, mirrors, and door handles, alloy wheels, and ABS brakes. All models came equipped with a brand-new 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine featuring VVT (variable valve timing), resulting in improved power and torque, as well as fuel consumption. Permanent all-wheel-drive was a feature. Options were ABS brakes (on the Edge), and air conditioning (on all models). The second generation RAV4 enjoyed success in Australia, where it became the best-selling SUV in the country in 2001, overtaking its rival, the Honda CR-V, for the first time.

In late 2003, the 2004 model RAV4 was given a styling update, improved equipment, and, in certain markets, a new engine. In the United States the safety structure was improved and Vehicle Stability Control made standard. The RAV4's 2.0-liter engine was upgraded with a new 2.4-liter engine, producing 120 kW (160 hp; 160 PS) and 220 N·m (162 lb·ft). Electric air conditioning also became available in Europe.

In Australia, for the facelift, the base Edge was renamed CV, and gained standard air conditioning (previously an option). The CV also received painted bumpers, which came in either silver or body-coloured shades, depending on the body colour. In addition, the model range was given a subtle facelift, consisting largely of a new front bumper with circular fog lights and white turn signals instead of the older orange lights. In 2005, a new "CV Sport" model was added to the range in Australia, which included a non-functional bonnet scoop, giving the RAV4 a more aggressive appearance. The CV Sport model was short-lived, lasting only a year, and was introduced primarily to stimulate sales until the new model arrived in early 2006.

Notably, the second-generation RAV4 had the highest proportion of female drivers among all makes and models in the United States with the possible exception of the Volkswagen New Beetle, according to 2003–2004 registration and survey data.[9]

Gallery

Third generation (XA30; 2005–2012)

Toyota RAV4 (Australia; pre-facelift) Toyota RAV4 (Europe; pre-facelift)

The Toyota RAV4 was redesigned for the 2006 model year, using an all-new platform and was first unveiled at the 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show.[11] The new RAV4 uses an Electric Power Steering (EPS) system.

The third generation RAV4 is offered in two versions: a short- or a long-wheelbase model. The short-wheelbase model is sold only in Japan, Europe and New Zealand (diesel only in NZ), with the long-wheelbase RAV4 sold in Australia, New Zealand and North America. Since 2007, the extended-length RAV4 is also sold alongside its shorter counterpart in Japan as the Toyota Vanguard, albeit with a revised front-end body work incorporating a revised grille, bumper, bonnet and headlamps.[12][13]

Japanese models went on sale in 2005 at Toyota NETZ dealers.[14] The 3-door was dropped in the beginning of 2007, leaving Toyota without a mini SUV until the 2009 Toyota Urban Cruiser, which is sold in Europe, North America (as the Scion xD) and Japan (as the Toyota ist).[15] The XA30 series RAV4 was sold in Japan until July 2016, where the XA40 is not to be offered and was replaced there by the Toyota C-HR.[16] Toyota discontinued the Vanguard in November 2013 in favour of the redesigned Harrier XU60. As the RAV4 continued to grow, it became expensive to own in Japan due to the exterior dimensions and engine displacement placing it in the upper tax bracket as defined by Japanese Government dimension regulations and annual road tax obligations, and the C-HR became more affordable.

It is also the first generation of RAV4 to be offered in regular (for Asian and European markets, dropping the spare wheel from the rear) and extended (for North American and Australian markets) versions. The extended-length RAV4 is larger by 21% in interior volume from the last generation and now has an available third-row seat for two small children (North America and Japan only). The RAV4 can still be had in either front-wheel-drive or all-wheel-drive in North America and Japan; however most countries only sell the all-wheel-drive version.

In 2008 (for the 2009 model year) RAV4 was given a mid-cycle refresh in some markets, featuring a number of changes, including an all-new 4-cylinder engine, and a redesigned front end and tweaked rear end. The Limited model gets a different front grille and bumper cover from other models. The Sport model features a bigger spoiler and red badging along with an option on the V6 model to have a rear door without the externally mounted spare tire (run-flat tires are used on this model). New features/options include turn signals integrated into the side mirrors, backup camera (with monitor built into rear-view mirror), satellite navigation, smart keyless entry, a push button starter, a multi-function instrument cluster display, etc. Much of the interior remains the same. In 2009, it was also the first time for the Canadian market to have a 2WD model sold in Canada.

In 2011 (for the 2012 model year) the RAV4 underwent another, light, facelift.

The vehicles were built in Toyota's Tahara, Aichi assembly plant, and under contract by Toyota Industries in its Nagakusa, Obu, Aichi plant. Beginning in November 2008, vehicles for the North American market were built in the Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada Inc., Second Plant.[17][18] Beginning in March 2009, Chinese models began production by Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co. Ltd. in a joint-venture plant in Tianjin, China.[19]

In 2015, the XA30 series RAV4 was awarded the WheelsTV pre-owned vehicle of the year title.[20]

Japan

Model ranges include X, G, and Sport, replacing RAV4 L and RAV4 J. The X and G can be ordered with either front-wheel-drive or AWD. The Sport model with over fenders is AWD only. The extended-length RAV4 is sold in Japan as the Toyota Vanguard, released on August 30, 2007. It is sold in five- and seven-passenger versions and slots between the regular RAV4 and Kluger. As it is often the case in Japan-only vehicles, the Vanguard comes loaded with high-tech gadgets, including steering-assisted stability control, keyless entry and satellite navigation. The Toyota Vanguard was facelifted in 2010.

Australia

In Australia, the RAV4 is sold in four-cylinder base CV, Cruiser, Cruiser L and the limited edition "Altitude" trim levels, and CV6, SX6, and ZR6 are 6-cylinder variants. The V6 was available from 2007.

Malaysia

In Malaysia, only the 2.0-liter automatic variant is available, in a single trim level. This model uses the 1AZ-FE four-cylinder, inline 16-valve engine with DOHC and VVT-i. The output for the 2.0-liter RAV4 in Malaysia is at 112 kW (150 hp; 152 PS) at 6,000 rpm with a torque of 194 N·m (143 lb·ft) at 4,000 rpm.

Middle East

In the Middle East, the RAV4 is available with a 2.4-liter engine. Most markets, including the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), get the all-wheel-drive model with an automatic gearbox, but KSA additionally gets a two-wheel-drive model as well, the base one with a manual gearbox.[21]

North America

North American models include choices of 2.4-litre 2AZ-FE inline-four or 3.5-liter 2GR-FE V6 engine. The V6 model has 201 kW (270 hp; 273 PS). In model year 2009, a slightly larger 133 kW (178 hp; 181 PS) 2.5-liter 2AR-FE inline-four replaced the previous 124 kW (166 hp; 169 PS) 2.4-liter engine. Either four-cylinder engine came equipped with a four-speed automatic transmission. The North American RAV4 with 3.5-liter 2GR-FE V6 engine is fitted with a five-speed automatic transmission. All US models feature Toyota's Star Safety System which includes Vehicle Stability Control. The new RAV4 topped Toyota SUV sales in the United States for the first time.

No manual transmission or diesel engines are available on North American models.

Facelifted for the 2009 model year, North American models include the choice of a new 2AR-FE inline-four or 2GR-FE V6 engine.[22]

Mexico

The RAV4 was first introduced in 2004; and was only available in two trim levels: Base and L. This was already an outgoing generation but still sold pretty well and both came in 2WD only and both models had, as standard equipment 16-inch alloy wheels and a roof rack. The new generation RAV4, which is the current model, had more features as standard equipment. Base and Limited trims continue to be available, but on the Limited trim 4WD became an option and the Base model now added 17-inch steel wheels but the roof rack was still standard in both trims. For the refresh of 2009 the roof rack in the Base model was eliminated as standard equipment and the Sport trim was added to the line-up. Up to 2008MY all RAV4s in Mexico had four-cylinder engines but for 2009 the Sport model became available with the V6 engine, although the four-cylinder engine was still available. The Limited trim was only available with the V6 engine and 4WD traction. For 2010, the RAV4 in Mexico has been simplified again to two trims but now the Limited trim was dropped and consequently killed the 4WD option, while the Base and Sport trims remained unchanged from 2009. The RAV4 in Mexico has experienced good acceptance since its introduction.

Gallery

Body styles

Body styles Chassis codes (DBA-A) ACA31W ACA36W ACA33L ACA37L GSA30 GSA35 ALA30 ALA31 ALA36 ZSA30 ZSA35
Drive 4WD FWD 4WD FWD FWD 4WD 4WD 4WD FWD FWD 4WD
Engine (Japan) 2AZ-FE 2AZ-FE - - - - - - - - -
Engine (China) - - 2AZ-FE 1AZ-FE - - - - - - -
Engine (Europe) - - - - 2GR-FE 2GR-FE - 2AD-FTV 2AD-FTV 3ZR-FAE 3ZR-FAE

Engines

Engines Code Years Type/code Power, torque@rpm
1AZ-FE (2.0 VVT-i) 2005–2012 1.998 L (121.9 cu in) (86.0×86.0mm) I4 112 kW (150 hp; 152 PS) @ 6,000 rpm, 194 N·m (143 lb·ft) @ 4,000 rpm
1AZ-FE (2.0 VVT-i) 2007MY-2008MY (UK) 1.998 L (121.9 cu in) (86.0×86.0mm) I4 112 kW (150 hp; 152 PS) @ 6,000 rpm, 194 N·m (143 lb·ft) @ 4,000 rpm
2AZ-FE 2005–2012 2.362 L (144.1 cu in) (88.5×96.0mm) I4 132 kW (177 hp; 179 PS) @ 6,300 rpm, 224 N·m (165 lb·ft) @ 4,000 rpm
2AR-FE 2008–present 2.494 L (152.2 cu in) I4 136 kW (182 hp; 185 PS) @ 6,300 rpm, 233 N·m (172 lbf·ft) @ 4,000 rpm
2GR-FE 2005–2012 3.456 L (210.9 cu in) (94.0×83.0mm) V6 201 kW (270 hp; 273 PS) @ 6,200 rpm, 333 N·m (246 lb·ft) @ 4,700 rpm
3ZR-FAE (2.0 Valvematic) 2008–2012 1.987 L (121.3 cu in) (80.5×97.6mm) I4 116 kW (156 hp; 158 PS) @ 6,200 rpm, 198 N·m (146 lbf·ft) @ 4,400 rpm
2.0 D-4D 2005-2006MY 1.995 L (121.7 cu in) (82.2×94.0mm) I4 85 kW (114 hp; 116 PS) @ 4,000 rpm, 250 N·m (184 lbf·ft) @ 1,800–3,000 rpm
2.2 D-4D Diesel 2007MY-2008MY 2.231 L (136.1 cu in) (86.0×96.0mm) I4 100 kW (134 hp; 136 PS) @ 3,600 rpm, 310 N·m (229 lbf·ft) @ 2,000–2,800 rpm
2.2 D-4D Diesel 180 (UK) 2007MY 2.231 L (136.1 cu in) (86.0×96.0mm) I4 130 kW (174 hp; 177 PS) @ 3,600 rpm, 400 N·m (295 lbf·ft) @ 2,000–2,600 rpm
2.2 D-4D, 2.2 D-CAT (UK) 2008–2012 2.231 L (136.1 cu in) (86.0×96.0mm) I4 110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS) @ 3,600 rpm, 340 N·m (251 lbf·ft) @ 2,000–2,800 rpm
2.2 D-CAT 2008–2012 2.231 L (136.1 cu in) (86.0×96.0mm) I4 130 kW (174 hp; 177 PS) @ 3,600 rpm, 400 N·m (295 lbf·ft) @ 2,000–2,800 rpm

RAV4 EV

Main article: Toyota RAV4 EV second generation

Toyota worked together with Tesla Motors to develop the second generation RAV4 EV, and the electric SUV is scheduled for market launch late in the third quarter of 2012.[5][23] Production will be limited to 2,600 units during the first three years, and sales will be limited to California only, beginning with the San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles/Orange County and San Diego.[24][25]

The second generation RAV4 EV has a 115 kW (154 hp; 156 PS) motor powered by a 41.8kWh lithium ion battery pack, that Toyota expects to deliver a US Environmental Protection Agency rated range of 148 km (92 mi) in standard charge mode and 182 km (113 mi) in extended charge mode, for a combined range of 166 km (103 mi); and a combined fuel economy rating of 3.1 L/100 km (91 mpg‑imp; 76 mpg‑US).[6][26] The RAV4 EV battery pack and electronic components are similar to those in used in the Tesla Model S sedan launched in June 2012, because Tesla Motors is the manufacturer of the powertrain.[27]

Fourth generation (XA40; 2013–present)

Before facelift After facelift

The fourth generation RAV4 was a complete redesign; it was revealed at the November 2012 Los Angeles Auto Show.[30]

US sales began in early January 2013. In the UK and Australia, the fourth generation RAV4 went on sale in February. Engine choices include a 2.0- and 2.5-litre four-cylinder gasoline, and 2.0- and 2.2-litre turbodiesels. Transmissions include a six-speed manual, Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT), and six-speed automatic.[31]

The RAV4 manufactured in Woodstock, Ontario, Canada has about 50 percent of its parts coming from Japan.[32]

The UK model went on sale in 2013. Early European models include a choice of a 2.0-litre petrol or one of three 2.0-litre diesel engines.[33]

Taiwanese models include a 2.0-litre Dual VVT-i inline four-cylinder engine with 7-Speed Continuously Variable Transmission (Sequential Manual) or 2.5-liter Dual VVT-i inline-four engine with six-speed automatic.[34][35]

Indonesian models went on sale for a short time in early 2015 and first unveiled at the 2014 Indonesia International Motor Show (IIMS) in Jakarta in September, only available in G type. It includes a 2.0-litre Dual VVT-i engine with CVT transmission (with seven-speed manual mode). The facelift version is currently available on local import car dealers in Indonesia as of 2017.

The RAV4 no longer uses the V6 from the previous generation—all engine choices are inline four cylinder engines. Also, unlike the dual wheelbase strategy employed by the previous XA30 model, the XA40 is only sold in single wheelbase (corresponding with the LWB XA30). Therefore, as of April 2014, the previous generation in short-wheelbase length is still sold in Japan in lieu of the newer XA40 which is for export only. The Harrier replaces the long-wheelbase model in Japan, previously badged as the Vanguard. This generation RAV4 has a more traditional tailgate that opens upward instead of the side-opening tailgate of the previous generations.

The full hybrid system combines a 2.5-litre Atkinson cycle petrol engine with a powerful electric motor, a 204 cell nickel–metal hydride battery located under the rear seats, a power control unit, and a power split device. RAV4 Hybrids are available in both front and all-wheel drive variants. The all-wheel edition comes equipped with a second, 50 kW high-voltage, rear mounted electric motor that offers increased traction and a 1,750-pound (790 kg) towing capacity. The engine is capable of operating independently from the hybrid system front's electric motor, driving the rear wheels alone.[36]

Facelift

In 2015 for the 2016 model year, Toyota released a facelift for the XA40 series. The facelift debuted with the RAV4 Hybrid shown at the April 2015 New York International Auto Show. The facelift includes redesigned LED front and rear lamps and updated speedometer dials with full color TFT multi information display.

Safety

Rear badging of the 2017 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid

In the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) evaluations, the 2013 and 2014 model year RAV4 achieved a "good" crashworthiness rating for head restraints and seats, roof strength, side, and moderate overlap front, while achieving a "poor" rating in small overlap front. Modifications were made starting in the 2015 model year which increased the small overlap front rating to "good".[37]

The small overlap test, introduced in 2012 by the IIHS, simulates a frontal collision on 25 percent of the driver's side. Since its adoption, the IIHS has noticed several automakers making non-symmetrical modifications to their vehicles, including the RAV4. Another small overlap test was conducted on a number of vehicles, including a 2015 RAV4, but was conducted on the passenger side instead. The RAV4 fared the worst and would have received a "poor" rating if the IIHS were to provide ratings for passenger-side protection. The crash test's intrusion was 330 millimetres (13 in) further into the vehicle on the passenger's side than on the driver's side and caused the passenger door to open during the crash.[38]

RAV4 Adventure and RAV4 Premium (2013)

RAV4 Adventure at Geneva, 2013

The RAV4 Adventure is a concept vehicle that accentuated the car's look to reinforce its off-road capabilities. It included dark red body colour, extended wheel arches, 20-inch alloy wheels and matte painted front and rear bumpers.

The RAV4 Premium is a concept vehicle with Deep Bronze body colour, bumpers in Deep Bronze, chrome-finished spoiler, chrome inserts in the rear bumper, brushed aluminium skid plates, integrated tailpipe at the rear bumper, 20-inch wheels, leather interior upholstery designed by Toyota's Kansei design department, seats with black piping and V-shaped outline, two-tone double stitching and grey and black leather on the instrument panel and door panels.

Both vehicles were unveiled at the March 2013 Geneva Motor Show.[39][40]

A production version of the RAV4 Adventure will be added to the US lineup in September 2017.[41]

Petrol engines[42] Model Year(s) Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) CO2 Emissions 2.0 AWD 2.0 Multidrive AWD 2.5 Hybrid
2012– 1,987 cc (121.3 cu in) Petrol 111 kW (149 hp; 151 PS) 195 N·m (144 ft·lb) 9.9 s 167 g/km
2012– 1,987 cc (121.3 cu in) Petrol 111 kW (149 hp; 151 PS) 195 N·m (144 ft·lb) 10.7 s 166 g/km
2012– 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) Petrol 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) 233 N·m (172 ft·lb) 8.6 s 169 g/km; 23 city/29 hwy
2015– 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) Petrol/Electric Motor 145 kW (194 hp; 197 PS) combined 279 N·m (206 ft·lb) combined 8.1 s 115 g/km; 33 city/31 hwy
Diesel engines[43] Model Year(s) Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) CO2 Emissions 120D 4x2 120D AWD 150D AWD 150D Autodrive AWD
2012– 1,998 cc (121.9 cu in) Diesel 91 kW (122 hp; 124 PS) 310 N·m (229 ft·lb) 10.5 s 127 g/km
2013– 1,998 cc (121.9 cu in) Diesel 91 kW (122 hp; 124 PS) 310 N·m (229 ft·lb) 13.6 s 136 g/km
2012– 2,231 cc (136.1 cu in) Diesel 110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS) 340 N·m (251 ft·lb) 9.6 s 147 g/km
2012– 2,231 cc (136.1 cu in) Diesel 110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS) 340 N·m (251 ft·lb) 10.0 s 173 g/km

Sales

Calendar year U.S. Canada
1996 56,709
1997 67,489
1998 64,990
1999 57,138
2000 53,777[44]
2001 86,368
2002 86,601[45]
2003 73,204
2004 70,314[46]
2005 70,518
2006 152,047[47]
2007 172,752
2008 137,020 20,522[48]
2009 149,088[49] 25,784[50]
2010 170,877[1] 22,810[51]
2011 132,237[52] 21,550[53]
2012 171,877[54] 25,942[55]
2013 218,249[56] 33,156[57]
2014 267,698[58] 36,639
2015 315,412[59] (inc. 1,507 hybrids) 42,246
2016 352,154[60] (inc. 45,070 hybrids) 49,103[61]

References

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  27. ^ Jerry Garrett (2012-08-03). "Toyota and Tesla Trot Out the RAV4 EV". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-08-04. 
  28. ^ Stricker, Tom of Toyota Motor North America (2014-04-30). "VIN Coding System for 2015MY Toyota RAV4, 2015MY Toyota Tacoma, 2015MY Lexus GS 350, 2015MY Lexus GS 350 AWD, and 2015MY Lexus GS 450h" (PDF) (Letter). Letter to Friedman, David of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-18. 
  29. ^ Stricker, Tom of Toyota Motor North America (2012-09-05). "VIN Coding System for Certain 2013MY Toyota RAV4, Toyota RAV4 Limited AWD, and Toyota RAV4 AWD" (PDF) (Letter). Letter to Strickland, David of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-17. 
  30. ^ "2013 Toyota RAV4 debuts at LA Auto Show". Autoweek. 2011-11-28. Retrieved 2013-07-31. 
  31. ^ "Handling & Performance – Toyota RAV4". Australia: Toyota. Retrieved 2013-12-31. 
  32. ^ DeBono, Norman (2016-04-20). "Quake in Japan could affect this region’s Toyota plants". The London Free Press. Retrieved 2016-04-21. 
  33. ^ "Toyota RAV4 (2013) first official pictures". Car Magazine. 2012-11-29. Retrieved 2012-12-09. 
  34. ^ "新車展示 – '13 RAV4 2.0 E" [Car show – 2013 Toyota RAV4 2.0 E]. Yahoo cars (in Chinese). Taiwan. Retrieved 2013-12-31. 
  35. ^ "86.9萬元起，4代Toyota RAV4正式上市" [869,000 yuan for the 4th generation Toyota RAV4]. U-CAR. 2012-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-31. 
  36. ^ Sabatini, Jeff (June 2016). "2016 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid AWD". Car and Driver. US. Retrieved 2017-08-13. 
  37. ^ "2013 Toyota RAV4". Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. Retrieved 2016-09-04. 
  38. ^ "Vehicles with good driver-side protection may leave passengers at risk". Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. 2016-06-23. Retrieved 2016-09-04. 
  39. ^ McManus, Will (2013-03-05). "RAV4 Adventure and RAV4 Premium concepts at Geneva Motor Show" (Press release). UK: Toyota. Retrieved 2014-06-24. 
  40. ^ "Geneva Motor Show: Toyota RAV4 Adventure and Premium". Motoring. Australia. 2013-03-06. Retrieved 2014-06-24. 
  41. ^ "Roughing It in Style - - Toyota Introduces the New 2018 Tundra and Sequoia TRD Sport and RAV4 Adventure Models" (Press release). US: Toyota. 2017-02-09. Retrieved 2017-07-31. 
  42. ^ "Toyota RAV4 (XA40) – Technical specifications, size dimensions, fuel economy". ultimatespecs.com. 
  43. ^ "Toyota RAV4 (XA40) – Technical specifications, size dimensions, fuel economy". ultimatespecs.com. 
  44. ^ "Toyota Sets Sales Record for Sixth Year in a Row". Theautochannel.com. 2010-09-13. Retrieved 2010-10-16. 
  45. ^ "Toyota Announces Best Sales Year in Its 46-Year History, Breaks Sales Record for Eighth Year in a Row". Theautochannel.com. 2010-09-13. Retrieved 2010-10-16. 
  46. ^ "Toyota Reports 2005 and December Sales". Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 2010-10-16. 
  47. ^ "Toyota Reports 2007 and December Sales". Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 2010-10-16. 
  48. ^ "Canadian-built models drive Toyota Canada Inc. to all-time record year in 2008 Drivers embrace quality, fuel-efficiency and safety, setting 2008 Toyota and Lexus records / Toyota Canada, Inc" (Press release). Canada: Toyota. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  49. ^ "Toyota Reports December And 2009 Sales" (Press release). USA: Toyota. Retrieved 2010-01-05. 
  50. ^ "Canadian sales and manufacturing set new benchmarks in 2009" (Press release). Canada: Toyota. Retrieved 2010-01-05. 
  51. ^ "Toyota Canada Inc. reports December and full year 2010 sales" (Press release). Canada: Toyota. 2011-01-04. Retrieved 2011-11-12. 
  52. ^ "Toyota | Toyota Reports December 2011 and Year-End Sales" (Press release). USA: Toyota. 2012-01-04. Retrieved 2012-09-26. 
  53. ^ "Toyota brand finishes 2011 with six straight months of market share growth" (Press release). Canada: Toyota. 2012-01-04. Retrieved 2012-09-26. 
  54. ^ "December 2012 and Year-End Sales Chart" (Press release). USA: Toyota. 2013-01-03. Retrieved 2013-01-04. 
  55. ^ "TCI Month End Sales Results for December 2012" (PDF). Canada: Toyota. 2013-01-03. Retrieved 2013-01-04. 
  56. ^ "December 2013 and Year-End Sales Chart" (Press release). USA: Toyota. 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2014-01-09. 
  57. ^ "Best-ever year for Lexus helps Toyota Canada Inc. increase sales by 1.7% in 2013" (Press release). Canada: Toyota. 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2014-01-10. 
  58. ^ "December 2014 and Year-End Sales Chart" (Press release). USA: Toyota. 2015-01-05. Retrieved 2015-01-06. 
  59. ^ "December 2015 and Year-End Sales Chart" (Press release). USA: Toyota. 2016-01-05. Retrieved 2016-01-18. 
  60. ^ "December 2016 and Year-End Sales Chart" (Press release). USA: Toyota. 2017-01-05. Retrieved 2017-01-05. 
  61. ^ http://media.toyota.ca/releases/record-hybrid-sales-lead-4-2-overall-sales-growth-for-toyota-canada-inc-in-2016

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Toyota RAV4.

en.wikipedia.org

Toyota RAV4 EV

Main article: Toyota RAV4

The RAV4 EV is an all-electric version of the popular RAV4 SUV produced by Toyota. Two generations of the EV model were sold in California, and to fleets elsewhere in the USA, with a gap of almost ten years between them.

The first generation was leased from 1997 to 2003, and at the lessees' request, many units were sold after the vehicle was discontinued.[1] A total of 1,484 were leased and/or sold in California to meet the state’s mandate for zero-emissions vehicle.[2] A small number were sold or leased in fleet sales in other states. As of mid-2012, there were almost 500 units still in use in California.[3] Production of the second generation EV was limited to 2,600 units during a three-year run, with sales limited to California beginning in 2012.[4][5] Production ended in September 2014.[6] A total of 2,489 units of the second generation model were sold in California through April 2015.[7][8][9]

Toyota worked together with Tesla Motors to develop the second generation RAV4 EV, and the electric SUV was released in the United States in September 2012.[4][10] The US Environmental Protection Agency rated the second generation RAV4 EV with a combined range of 103 mi (166 km) and a combined fuel economy rating of 76 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (3.1 L/100 km).[10]

First generation

The first fleet version of the RAV4 EV became available on a limited basis in 1997. In 2001 it was possible for businesses, cities or utilities to lease one or two of these cars. Toyota then actually sold or leased 328 RAV4 EVs to the general public in 2003, at which time the program was terminated despite waiting lists of prospective customers.

The RAV4 EV closely resembles the regular internal combustion engine (ICE) version - without a tailpipe - and has a governed top speed of 78 mph (~126 km/h) with an EPA rated range of 95 mi (153 km).[12] The 95 amp-hour NiMH battery pack has a capacity of 27 kWh, charges inductively and has proven to be very durable. Some RAV4 EVs have been driven more than 150,000 miles (240,000 km) using the original battery pack. It was also one of the few vehicles with a single speed gearbox when introduced to the market.

Beyond the unusual power train (batteries, controller and motor), the remaining systems in the RAV4 EV are comparable to the gasoline-powered RAV4. The power brakes, power steering, tire wear and suspension components are similar except that they use electric power sources. The power brakes use an electric pump to provide vacuum instead of deriving vacuum from the engine manifold. The power steering use an electric motor instead of mechanical energy delivered by fan belts. The passenger compartment is heated and cooled electrically using a heat pump (the first fleet application of a heat pump in a road vehicle) with supplemental electrical resistance heating as backup.

Performance

The RAV4 EV production has a governed top speed of 85 miles per hour (126 km/h), a tested 0-60 time of around 18 seconds (depending on state-of-charge on the batteries). Its EPA rated driving range is 95 miles (153 km) with an EPA combined fuel economy rating of 43 kW·h/100 mi (equivalent to 78 MPGe).[12] Actual fuel economy and range depends on the same factors as a traditional gasoline-powered vehicle including rolling resistance and average speed (aerodynamic drag).

The RAV4 EV battery pack uses 24 12-volt, 95Ah NiMH batteries capable of storing 27 kWh of energy.

Charging

The RAV4 EV's batteries can be recharged from being fully depleted to fully charged in about five hours, and are monitored with a passive battery balancing system. Electricity is supplied via a Magne Charge inductive charging paddle[14] from a wall-mounted 6000-Watt charging unit on a 220 volt, 30 amp, North American "clothes dryer"-type plug. Some earlier RAV4 EV prototypes were charged via a front fender conductive charger coupling made by Yazaki Corporation.

Mileage costs

Charging a RAV4 EV from full-dead to full-charge uses approximately 30 kW·h of electricity; the excess above the battery pack capacity is used by the charging system. At a rate of US$0.09 per kilowatt-hour, this costs around US$2.70. As of May 2008, based on a gasoline price-per-gallon cost of US$3.80 and up and the non-EV 2003 RAV4 2-wheel-drive gasoline fuel efficiency of 27 mpg‑US (8.7 L/100 km; 32 mpg‑imp), the RAV4 EV costs approximately 20% as much on a per mile basis, and makes mileage in the RAV4 EV the cost equivalent to a 111.1 mpg‑US (2.117 L/100 km; 133.4 mpg‑imp) small SUV.

In addition, the RAV4 EV has a charge timer built into the dashboard that enables the vehicle to start charging at a specific time. As the RAV4 EV easily becomes the main cost of electricity in an average-sized home, this enables the owner to use a Time-Of-Day Meter to reduce electricity costs. This configuration is a standard practice with RAV4 EV owners. The price of electricity at night depends on the carrier, but is usually in the range of 60% of the normal rate. In the use of charging the RAV4 EV, this equates to a cheaper cost-per-mile, roughly equivalent to a vehicle capable of 166.6 mpg‑US (1.412 L/100 km; 200.1 mpg‑imp), based on a price of US$3.00 per gallon.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency listed mileage ratings for the RAV4 EV in its yearly Fuel Economy Guide from 2000 through 2003. The 2003 model recorded fuel efficiency of 39 kW·h/100 mi city, 49 kW·h/100 mi highway; the city mileage rating was equivalent to 125 mpg‑US (1.88 L/100 km; 150 mpg‑imp), and 100 mpg‑US (2.4 L/100 km; 120 mpg‑imp) on the highway.[15] The EPA rated combined mileage was 112 mpg‑US (2.10 L/100 km; 135 mpg‑imp).

In 2007, the EPA updated its rating system and revised the ratings to a city equivalent of 87 mpg‑US (2.7 L/100 km; 104 mpg‑imp), highway equivalent of 69 mpg‑US (3.4 L/100 km; 83 mpg‑imp), and a combined equivalent of 78 mpg‑US (3.0 L/100 km; 94 mpg‑imp).[12]

Consumable items

The RAV4 EV's battery system is a consumable item. Toyota reports that battery pack replacement costs are currently higher than the value of the used vehicle.[16] Toyota tested the RAV4 EV in Japan for 300,000 miles (480,000 km) over two years before introducing the vehicle in the United States. The economies of scale are affecting the replacement cost of the RAV4 EV.

Prototyping

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RAV4 EV pre-production prototypes were first released in a confidential evaluation program with electric utilities throughout the U.S. These prototypes were based on the smaller, shorter, two-door version of the RAV4. The prototypes included some versions fitted with Panasonic NiMH batteries, and others with high-performance Panasonic lead–acid PbA batteries (the same ones that eventually found their way into the EV1 and other production GM electric vehicles). The RAV4 EV prototypes also were equipped with on-board level 2 chargers and connected via a front fender conductive charger coupling made by Yazaki Corporation. Both prototypes were well accepted.

The utility employee evaluators did not have to personally pay for the more costly and advanced NiMH batteries, and the NiMH RAV4 EV prototype received better reviews, due to its increased range. Its energy efficiency, however, was not as good as the PbA version. Due to the impracticality of developing two battery types for a limited volume program, Toyota opted for the higher-performance, higher-cost NiMH RAV4 EV. This resulted in a greater manufacturing cost, and higher purchase price.

A number of electric vehicle advocates voiced disappointment that the choice was made to manufacture only the NiMH version. Many electric vehicle advocates claim that automaker's choice of the NiMH battery worked against the 90's deployment of cost-effective electric vehicles based on PbA batteries, and that further development of lead–acid technology could result in performance equal to NiMH, but at a substantially lower price. Their argument is that a usable electric vehicle is possible at a substantially lower price, and that the lower purchase price would foster greater acceptance of electric vehicles.

Corporate purchasing

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Initially, RAV4 EVs were only available for three-year fleet lease, not for sale and not for lease to the public, at a few dealerships beginning in 1997. From 2001, leases were made available to small "fleets of one" purportedly run by small businesses.

Public availability

Rear view of one of the 328 RAV4 EVs sold to the public.

In March 2002, due to a shift in corporate policy, the Toyota RAV4-EV was made available for sale to the general public. All 328 that Toyota made were sold. No one knows for certain what prompted Toyota to change their position on the RAV4-EV, since they had long since fulfilled their obligations under the MOA with the California Air Resources Board's zero-emissions vehicle (ZEV) mandate via its fleet lease program.

The MSRP was US$42,000; but in California, ZIP-grant rebates of US$9,000, decreasing in 2003 to US$5,000, and a US$4,000 credit from the Internal Revenue Service brought the price down to a more palatable US$29,000 (US$33,000 for some 2003 deliveries), including the home charger.[17]

More RAV4-EVs were sold than had been planned for manufacture through standard assembly line techniques. Toyota filled every order despite the fact that the last few dozen vehicles had to be assembled from spare parts due to a shortfall of production components (a significantly more expensive way of building a vehicle). This unexpected development caused deliveries to trickle on into September 2003. It also caused variations in the vehicles such as heated seats, retractable antennae, mats, etc.[citation needed]

The last of the 328 EVs was sold in November 2002.[citation needed]

Sales

A total of 1,484 were leased and/or sold in California.[2][18]

Chevron Patent Encumbrance

Main article: Patent encumbrance of large automotive NiMH batteries

Whether or not Toyota wanted to continue production, it was unlikely to be able to do so because the EV-95 battery was no longer available. Chevron had inherited control of the worldwide patent rights for the NiMH EV-95 battery when it merged with Texaco, which had purchased them from General Motors. Chevron's unit won a US$30,000,000 settlement from Toyota and Panasonic, and the production line for the large NiMH batteries was closed down and dismantled. This case was settled in the ICC International Court of Arbitration, and not publicized due to a gag order placed on all parties involved.[19][20] Only smaller NiMH batteries, incapable of powering an electric vehicle or plugging in, were allowed by Chevron-Texaco.[21]

Second generation

The second generation RAV4 EV was released in September 2012 starting at a price of US$49,800 before any government incentives.[4][10] Toyota also offered a 36-month lease option at US$599 per month with down payment of US$3,499.[10] The RAV4 EV was sold only in California, and sales began in the San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles/Orange County and San Diego. Production was limited to 2,600 during three years.[4][5][23] The RAV4 EV was available to individual consumers and fleet customers.[24] Due to the capacity of its battery pack the RAV4 EV qualified for the maximum US$7,500 federal tax credit and also was eligible for a US$2,500 rebate in California.[25] A total of 192 units were sold during 2012 and 1,096 during 2013.[7] A total of 2,489 units were sold in the U.S. through April 2015.[7][8][9] The production run ended in September 2014.[6]

History

The first prototype was built in just three weeks after the signing of a Tesla and Toyota joint development agreement,[26] and testing began in July 2010.[27][28]

A second generation RAV4 EV demonstrator was unveiled at the November 2010 Los Angeles Auto Show. Toyota built 35 of these converted RAV4s (Phase Zero vehicles) for a demonstration and evaluation program that ran through 2011. The lithium metal-oxide battery and other power train components were supplied by Tesla Motors.[29][30] The re-engineered RAV4 EV production version (Phase One vehicle) was unveiled at the May 2012 International Electric Vehicle Symposium in Los Angeles.[31]

The second generation RAV4 EV production models use the SAE J1772 charging standard,[32] Early prototypes had a 660 lb (299 kg) lithium-ion battery pack with a 50 kWh total capacity, 37 kWh usable, and achieved a range of between 80 to 120 mi (130 to 190 km).[33] The RAV4 EV battery pack, electronics and powertrain components in the production version are similar to those in used in the Tesla Model S sedan launched in June 2012, and the Phase Zero vehicles used components from the Tesla Roadster.[22][34]

Powertrain

The second generation RAV4 EV combines a Tesla-designed and produced battery and electric powertrain with Toyota’s SUV model. The electric motor supplied by Tesla is an AC induction motor, a departure from Toyota’s practice of using synchronous permanent-magnet motors in their hybrid electric vehicles. A fixed-gear open-differential transaxle has a gear ratio of 9.73.[22] The RAV4 EV weighs 4,030 lb (1,830 kg), 470 lb (210 kg) heavier than a front-wheel drive RAV4 Limited with the V-6 engine.[3]

Peak power output of the motor is 115 kW (154 hp), with peak torque in normal mode of 296 N·m (220 ft·lb), and peak torque in sport mode of 370 N·m (270 ft·lb). The RAV 4 offers two drive modes: Normal and Sport. Maximum vehicle speed in Normal mode is 85 mph (137 km/h), and maximum in Sport mode, which also has a more aggressive accelerator pedal feel, is 100 mph (160 km/h).[3][22] The US Environmental Protection Agency rated the RAV4 EV combined fuel economy at 76 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (3.1 L/100 km), with an equivalent 78 mpg‑US (3.0 L/100 km; 94 mpg‑imp) in city driving and 74 mpg‑US (3.2 L/100 km; 89 mpg‑imp) on highways.[10]

Battery and range

The battery pack is a 386V lithium-ion battery pack comprising about 4,500 cells and rated at 41.8 kW·h of usable energy at full charge, with a maximum power output of 129 kW. The RAV4 EV features a 10 kW onboard charger (SAE J1772 240V, 40A input).[22] The battery pack is located below the floorpan, reducing the ground clearance as compared with the gasoline-powered version by a couple of inches, but the electric SUV's cargo space of 36.4 cubic feet (1.03 m3) is the same as its gasoline sibling. The battery pack weights 840 lb (380 kg) and because is located in the lowest part of the vehicle, the lower center of gravity provides a better handling than the conventional Toyota RAV4.[3]

Toyota electric car badge used in the RAV4 EV

The RAV4 EV has two charge modes: Standard and Extended. In standard mode, the high voltage battery charges only up to 35 kWh and Toyota expected the electric SUV to achieve an EPA driving range rating of 92 mi (148 km) for this charging mode. Extended mode allows the battery to charge to its full usable capacity of 41.8 kWh, providing an expected EPA driving range of 113 mi (182 km) according to Toyota estimates.[22] The EPA rated just one range of 103 mi (166 km).[10] Standard mode is designed to optimize battery life over range; however, the 8-year, 100,000-mile battery warranty cover the packs regardless of the mix of charge modes over the pack’s life. However, due to EPA's procedures, Toyota expects the Monroney label to show the combined range of 103 mi (166 km).[3][22]

Charging time with a 40A/240V charging station is 5 hours in Standard Mode and 6 hours for Extended Mode that delivers 9.6 kW at 40 amps, which will give you a recharge time of just 6 hours for the full pack. Toyota has arranged with Leviton to offer a custom level 2 charging station priced at US$1,590 including basic installation.[35] On the end of the scale, and due to its large battery pack, charging at 110 Volts with the cord that comes standard under the rear deck takes 44 hours for Standard Mode and 52 hours for Extended Mode.[3][22] An aftermarket company called Quick Charge Power [36] has come up with a way to add 48Kw CHAdeMO DC Quick Charging to the RAV4ev which dramatically shortens charge times for the 41.8 kWh battery. This can make the car tremendously more useful in areas where this charging infrastructure exists.

Production

Since May 2010, Toyota Motor Company and Tesla Motors worked together to develop the second generation RAV4 EV using Tesla's electric motor and batteries and Toyota's platform and body. The electric SUV was developed by Tesla and Toyota Technical Center U.S.A. in Michigan.[26] On July 15, 2011, Tesla entered into a supply and services agreement with Toyota for the supply of a validated electric powertrain system, including a battery, charging system, inverter, motor, gearbox and associated software, which would be integrated into an electric vehicle version of the Toyota RAV4.[37]

The RAV4 EV began assembly in 2012 at Toyota's facility in Woodstock, Ontario alongside the regular gasoline version. Tesla builds the electric powertrain at its plant at Tesla Factory in Fremont, California, and then ships them to Canada.[38][39] The battery supply deal between Toyota and Tesla concluded with the end of production in August 2014.[40]

See also

References

  1. ^ Sherry Boschert (2006). Plug-in Hybrids: The Cars that will Recharge America. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, Canada. ISBN 978-0-86571-571-4. 
  2. ^ a b Jim Motavalli (2010-07-16). "Toyota and Tesla Plan an Electric RAV4". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-07-18. 
  3. ^ a b c d e f John Voelcker (2012-08-02). "2012 Toyota RAV4 EV: First Drive Of Tesla-Powered Crossover". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2012-08-04. 
  4. ^ a b c d Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A. (2012-05-07). "Toyota introduces new RAV4 EV; 41.8 kWh pack, 100-mile range". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2012-05-09. 
  5. ^ a b Christie Schweinsberg (2011-08-10). "Toyota Planning More EVs; Expecting Regional Demand for Prius Plug-In". Ward Auto. Retrieved 2011-08-11. 
  6. ^ a b Brad Berman (2014-09-24). "Toyota Wraps Up Production of RAV4 EV". PluginCars.com. Retrieved 2015-06-20. 
  7. ^ a b c Jeff Cobb (2014-01-06). "December 2013 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2014-08-20. 
  8. ^ a b Jeff Cobb (2014-12-03). "November 2014 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2014-12-07.  See section "November 2014 Battery Electric Car Sales Numbers"
  9. ^ a b Jeff Cobb (2015-05-02). "April 2015 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2015-06-20.  A total of 17 RAV4 EVs and 1 Honda Fit EV were sold during the first four months of 2015.
  10. ^ a b c d e f Karla Sanchez (2012-09-14). "2012 Toyota RAV4 EV Gets EPA-Rated 103-Mile Range, 76 MPGe Combined". Motor Trend. Retrieved 2012-09-19. 
  11. ^ a b Dickey, Darell. "Rav4EV Data". EVNut.com web site. Retrieved 2014-02-20. 
  12. ^ a b c d "Compare Side-by-Side, 2003 Toyota RAV4 EV". www.fueleconomy.gov. U.S. Department of Energy. Retrieved 2014-02-19. 
  13. ^ Dickey, Darell. "Rav4EV FAQ (Owner - 2002(3) and earlier)". EVNut.com web site. Retrieved 2014-02-20. 
  14. ^ "2008.03.15 EVAoSC Meeting at AQMD - PV Solar EV Chargeport". Electric Vehicle Association of Southern California. 2008-03-15. Retrieved 2011-05-21. Also available in a couple of the parking stalls are Small Paddle Inductive (SPI) TAL MagneCharge chargers usable with the remaining fleet of Toyota RAV4EVs 
  15. ^ "Compare Old and New EPA MPG Estimates - 2003 Toyota RAV4 EV". fueleconomy.gov. U.S. Department of Energy. Retrieved 2014-02-20. 
  16. ^ "web statement accessed August 3, 2010". Toyota.com. Retrieved 2011-01-07. 
  17. ^ "Actor/Environmentalist Ed Begley, Jr. Is First Retail Customer of a Toyota RAV4-EV" (Press release). Toyota Motor Sales, USA, Inc. 2002-03-04. Retrieved 2009-09-01. 
  18. ^ "Toyota Concept Vehicles-- RAV4 EV". Toyota USA. Retrieved 2012-01-22. 
  19. ^ "The NiMH Battery Industry Pelican Brief... Of A Sort". Evworld.com. Retrieved 2011-01-07. 
  20. ^ "NIMH Battery Patent Lawsuit" (PDF). Ovonic.com. Archived from the original on 2004-07-17. Retrieved 2011-01-07. CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
  21. ^ Forbes Bagatell-Black (2007-02-23). "NiMH Batteries: Obsolete Technology or Suppressed EV Solution?". EV World. Retrieved 2009-09-01. 
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Toyota RAV4 EV key for meeting California ZEV requirements; Tesla powertrain uses Model S components". Green Car Congress. 2012-08-10. Retrieved 2012-08-04. 
  23. ^ Brad Berman (2012-01-16). "Toyota Confirms Limited Production of Electric RAV4 and Scion iQ in 2012". PluginCars.com. Retrieved 2012-01-22. 
  24. ^ "Toyota to sell RAV4 EV to public and fleets in 2012". Green Car Congress. 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2011-07-19. 
  25. ^ Toyota PR Newswire (2012-08-04). "The All-Electric Toyota RAV4 EV First Drive". The Sacramento Bee. Retrieved 2012-08-04. 
  26. ^ a b Nobuyuki Kojima and Takanori Yamamoto (2010-12-21). "Toyota thinks outside the box". Yomiuri Shimbun. 
  27. ^ "Tesla and Toyota Formalize Agreement to Develop Electric Version of RAV4; Targeting US Sales in 2012". Green Car Congress. 2010-07-16. Retrieved 2010-07-16. 
  28. ^ "Tesla and Toyota to develop RAV4 EV, hope to launch in 2012". Autoblog. 2010-07-16. Retrieved 2010-07-16. 
  29. ^ "Toyota unveils RAV4 EV demonstration vehicle; targeting fully-engineered version in 2012 for market". Green Car Congress. 2010-11-17. Retrieved 2010-11-18. 
  30. ^ Tori Tellem (2010-11-17). "2012 Toyota RAV4-EV: Take Two". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-11-18. 
  31. ^ Toyota Motor Sales USA (2012-04-30). "Toyota to debut new RAV4 EV at EVS 26". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2012-04-30. 
  32. ^ "Autoblog Green Quick Spin: Toyota RAV4 EV 2012". Autoblog Green. 2011-04-11. Retrieved 2011-04-15. 
  33. ^ Ben Wojdyla (2011-04-26). "2012 Toyota RAV4 EV Prototype Test Drive". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved 2011-05-07. 
  34. ^ Jerry Garrett (2012-08-03). "Toyota and Tesla Trot Out the RAV4 EV". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-08-04. 
  35. ^ "Charging Solutions For The RAV4 EV". Retrieved 2013-01-25. 
  36. ^ shop.QuickChargePower.com
  37. ^ Tesla scores $100 million Toyota RAV4 EV-related contract
  38. ^ "Ontario gets Toyota's 1st non-Japan electric vehicle". Reuters. 2011-08-05. Retrieved 2011-08-05. 
  39. ^ Jim Motavalli (2011-08-05). "Tesla-Powered Toyota RAV4 E.V. to Be Built in Canada, Not California". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-08-10. 
  40. ^ Alan Ohnsman (2014-05-10). "Tesla Says Battery-Supply Deal for Toyota RAV4 EV to End". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2014-08-20. 

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Talk:Toyota RAV4

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3.5L V6

Made several changes. The new 3.5L V6 is unique to North America, not being offered in other countries. Front wheel drive RAV4s are also mostly only sold in North America. I have added this info. I also changed the wording from "all wheel drive" to "four wheel drive", seeing as the former usually indicates permanent 4WD, something which the current model lacks (but previous models had). Davez621 10:47, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

Difference between all wheel drive and 4wd is the presence/absence of a differential between the front and rear axles. A 4wd (without diff locks) will always turn at least two wheels while an all wheel drive possibly has power only going to one. 1.127.48.249, 23:18, 5 April 2016 (UTC)

Which Platforms?

Does anyone know which platforms the various versions of the RAV-4 uses? It is my impression that the current versions are off of a Corolla platform. Any information appreciated.--TGC55 17:30, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

I believe that versions 1 and 2 were based on the Corolla but version 3 had a whole new Chassis.

I thought the 1st generation used a modified version of the Celica platform — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.183.37.165 (talk) 08:29, 21 November 2012 (UTC)

Top image?

Why was the top image changed from a 4-door to a 2-door? If there's a need for a top image at all (and I'm not at all sure about that, since there are images of every generation already), it should be the most common variant. Jay Maynard 19:10, 24 September 2006 (UTC)

Engine versions and locale

I may be wrong, but I believe that in the early 21st century only the 1.8l 2.0l and 2.2l cars were available in the UK, whereas only the 2.5l was available in the US, is that so? α {\displaystyle \alpha } 15:33, 26 February 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 51kwad (talk • contribs)

Section titles and platform codes

The current section titles for each generation are as follows:

There are a number of problems with these titles. The XA1 uses only a single digit while CA20W and CA30W use two digits. The first generation does not have 'W' at the end, while the other two generations do have 'W' (which signifies Wagon). And the platform codes (XA, CA) are not quite consistent.

I will explain the platform code in more detail. Most Toyota fans know that the model code breaks down down as engine family (1 letter) + platform code (1 or 2 letters) + generation code (1 or 2 digits) + model within generation (1 digit). So, SXA10 breaks down as engine=S family+ platform=XA + gen-code=1 + sub-model=0. So now we know that the RAV4 platform code is XA. Knowing this and knowing that the ACA20 has a 1AZ engine, we can deduce that ACA20 is AZ + XA + 2 + 0 and that the Z+X combine to form a C. This is explained bit more at List of Toyota platforms, Talk:List of Toyota platforms and talk:Toyota Camry#Japanese only SV30/40 (look for Z+X=C). The same pattern for the ACA30 is AZ+XA + 3 + 0. For the ASA30 the pattern becomes AR+XA + 3 + 0 (R+X combine to form S).

Also, the years should be the calendar year it was introduced to the calendar year (inclusive) of its last month of production. So, if the XA10 was built from July 1994 to Aug 2001 (using faked months because I don't have them at hand), then the production years should be 1994-2001. this of course means that the end of one generation will be in the same calendar year as the start of the next generation.

Anyway, given the above, I would like to change the section titles to be:

We've done this for Toyota Camry. We've also split the Corolla articles up in a similar manner for E10, E20, ... E110 generations. Thoughts?  Stepho  (talk) 09:55, 3 June 2010 (UTC)

XA20 section title

"The second generation RAV4 went on sale in the middle of 2000" So why is the header 2001> ? That makes it impossible to have a 2000 model, even though it is perfectly possible, this needs changing. 81.137.240.118 (talk) 09:56, 9 December 2010 (UTC)

You are correct. I have changed it to 2000-2005.  Stepho  (talk) 12:16, 9 December 2010 (UTC)

4th Generation?

why not let the edit about the 4th generation? http://www.netcarshow.com/toyota/2013-rav4/ http://www.fastmotoring.com/index.php/2012/11/all-new-4th-generation-toyota-rav4-set-for-global-debut/ --190.7.201.2 (talk) --Mijcofr (talk) 18:12, 25 September 2015 (UTC)15:10, 5 December 2012 (UTC)

Knowing about upcoming information is good for blogs and news feeds but it can also be misleading. Toyota has given us a preview of it's best guess so far of what the new model will be but they may change their mind about many of its features and it's still unknown when it will start sales (they say early 2013 but dates often slip). In other words, it's still speculation - which is not what encyclopeadias report on. Also, the references given so far are either short on details or obviously ad-copy written by Toyota. Lastly, are you sure its actually a new generation (ie XA40 series) or just a facelift and engine change on the existing XA30 series?  Stepho  talk  00:39, 6 December 2012 (UTC)

Well, it seems is a new, thus, 4th generation,..."But don’t get the idea that this fourth-generation RAV4 is all style and no substance" http://www.toyota.com/upcoming-vehicles/rav4/, unless Toyota change their mind...--190.7.201.2 (talk) 17:07, 6 December 2012 (UTC)

Ah, but that's the crux of the problem. 'Seems' is the world of advertising, to convince you to spend your money. But encyclopaedias deal only with facts. Toyota will advertise its vehicles in the best possible light and one of the best ways to sell in the US is 'ALL NEW!!!' and lots of hyperbole for even the smallest change. It may well be a new model - but we won't really know until it comes out.  Stepho  talk  01:40, 7 December 2012 (UTC)

You got all wrong, you didn´t even go to the link!. The word 'Seems' is mine, the words by Toyota are between "" . Please go to the link.--186.64.134.134 (talk) 02:25, 7 December 2012 (UTC)

Hmm, I did follow all your links but I did manage to miss the words '4th generation' both times it appeared. Perhaps because Toyota so often hype up every minor release. Also because of major confusion when the NWh21 Prius was claimed as a new generation after the NWh20 Prius (it was a bigger engine and very minor facelift). The rest is all advertising hype - never trust someone who wants your money. I'm still not comfortable with a product description that may change in any possible feature before the actual release and the release date is vague and may slip anyway. Much better to wait until actual production/sales start so that can deal with what is rather than what might be. Since this is more of a policy thing, perhaps we should take it to Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Automobiles.  Stepho  talk  01:05, 8 December 2012 (UTC) I have started a policy level discussion Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Automobiles#Product pre-announcements. All interested editors are welcome to contribute.  Stepho  talk  00:50, 10 December 2012 (UTC)

Stop calling crossovers SUVs!!!!!!!!!!

SUVs are shaped like trucks, and crossovers are shaped like cars.

Toyota RAV4 = crossover

Lexus RX = crossover

Mercedes-Benz M/GL-Class = crossover

BMW X3/X5 = crossover (like the X6)

Porsche Cayenne = crossover

Jeep Grand Cherokee = crossovers

SUVs are like Range Rovers, Tahoes, Expeditions, Hummers, G-Classes, etc., just sayin'! 166.137.191.22 (talk) 18:29, 1 April 2014 (UTC)

Yet all the examples you listed are shaped like scaled down trucks, sharing only their size with cars (and their underlying platform but you're only talking about shape/looks). To my mind, an SUV is a large passenger vehicle with large under body clearance, large cargo capability and the ability to go off-road, although yuppie owners may rarely do so in fear of scratching the paint. A compact or mini SUV is similar but smaller, retaining the under body clearance but scaling everything else down and still capable of going off-road. A crossover is a different beast, retaining the looks of a SUV, the size of a car, the underpinnings of a car and generally sucks at going off-road. Early models could go off-road (4WD) but lately under body clearance has shrunk, 4WD has generally disappeared and they now look like tall station wagons with big wheels. A mini crossover is an ordinary small car with jacked up suspension and some flares trying to look like a crossover, which is trying to look like a SUV - two times removed from the real thing but people buy them anyway. Sigh!  Stepho  talk  23:05, 1 April 2014 (UTC) Compact SUVs from the '80s, '90s and early 2000s are made of unibody, despite being shaped like trucks. One example is the Jeep Cherokee (XJ). The mid-size and full-size SUVs are made of body-on-frame, while those of unibody SUVs are actually called mid-size and full-size crossovers. Two examples are the newest generation Ford Explorer and Dodge Durango. Today's compact SUVs are also crossovers. 166.137.191.30 (talk) 18:20, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

XA40 towing capacity

There seems to be confusion about the XA40 towing capacity. I've found references for both 1750 kg and 1750 lb

Perhaps this a regulatory thing where the US gov is just a lot fussier, or perhaps the UK has extra bracing, etc to handle the load or perhaps just a typo in the initial press pack for one of the countries (that every other media release copied).  Stepho  talk  22:55, 5 April 2016 (UTC)

US defaults to without trailer brakes in these ratings, rating is higher with them - signed 1.127.48.249, 23:15, 5 April 2016 (UTC) Thanks, that makes sense. I will have to think how to reword the article so that it doesn't become an edit war between US and UK editors.  Stepho  talk  01:53, 6 April 2016 (UTC)

Replacement by the C-HR in Japan

I know that on the Japanese Wikipedia article トヨタ・RAV4 that the Toyota RAV4 in Japan will be replaced by the Toyota C-HR, along with the Toyota ist. signed by 140.0.79.45, 28 November 2016

The Japanese WP page has no supporting references to back this up.  Stepho  talk  05:18, 28 November 2016 (UTC) I have already accessed its references for replacement by the C-HR. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 140.0.79.45 (talk) 05:56, 28 November 2016 (UTC) Unfortunately there are problems with that reference. For starters, it is based on the concept C-HR, not the production C-HR. Secondly, the reference talks about the US market but it is attempting to support changes in the Japanese market. Thirdly, appearing at the same time that another model disappears is not the same thing as being the successor (different market segments, price levels, target audience, etc). But most important of all, the reference is only an opinion piece. WP:NEWSORG (part of WP:RS) frowns on editorials and opinion pieces.  Stepho  talk  13:15, 28 November 2016 (UTC)

Requested move 7 May 2017

The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Closed – I am the same user who requested the move, and I did not previously realize that RAV standed for "Recreational Active Vehicle with 4-wheel drive". Plus I realized this move would have probably been rejected anyway, so thank you for clarifying that, Stepho-wrs. However, if you come across this, I would appreciate if you redirected Toyota Rav4 EV to Toyota RAV4 EV. (non-admin closure) 2601:8C:4001:DCB9:7826:84D0:EC02:DBB7 (talk) 20:32, 8 May 2017 (UTC)

 Done— InsertCleverPhraseHere 22:02, 8 May 2017 (UTC)

– After all this time, I don't understand why "RAV" is in all caps before the 4. When we refer to the car, we don't call it the "R.A.V. 4", we call it the "Rav 4". I realize "RAV" may be in all caps due to marketing and trademarking purposes, but I do not believe that should be the right way of referring to it. I will understand if you disagree, but please feel free to put down your opinions. 2601:8C:4001:DCB9:8CEE:3111:23AE:6800 (talk) 16:16, 7 May 2017 (UTC)

The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

en.wikipedia.org

Toyota RAV4

Файл:2003 Toyota RAV4.jpg Файл:Toyota Rav4 ZCA26W.JPG Файл:Rav4 engine 1zz.JPG

Toyota RAV4 — компактный полноприводный автомобиль. Запущен в производство в Японии в 1994 году, для удовлетворения потребительского спроса, тех, кто хотел иметь машину, сочетающую в себе и преимущества внедорожников, такие как полный привод и повышенная грузоподъёмность, и преимущества малых седанов, такие как манёвренность и небольшой расход топлива. Первое поколение позиционировалось компанией Toyota как молодежный автомобиль для активного отдыха, отсюда и происхождение названия Recreation Active Vehicle, цифра «4» указывает на постоянный полный привод.

Содержание

[развернуть]

Первое поколение XA10G (1994—2000) Править

Первое поколение RAV4 было создано на базе Toyota Corona. В производство был запущен кузов с тремя дверями. C 1995 г. начался выпуск 5-ти дверных кузовов. На автомобиль устанавливали двигатели, объемом 2.0 литра, 3S-FE и 3S-GE мощностью соответственно 135 и 180 л.с. RAV4 первого поколения оснащался также механической либо автоматической коробкой передач и имел привод либо на передние, либо на все колеса. С 1998 г. RAV4 первого поколения получил также версию кузова с тканевой крышей и прошел незначительный рестайлинг.

Основные «болезни» первого поколения: течь верхнего сальника рулевой рейки через 120—150 тыс. пробега (замена сальника), сквозная коррозия горловины топливного бака через 100 тыс. пробега (замена), течь переднего и заднего сальника коленвала через 100 тыс. пробега (замена одним блоком ГРМ, помпа, оба сальника, сцепление с корзиной), ненадежный насос охлаждающей жидкости (помпа) (замена через 100 тыс. км., при максимальных нагрузках может потечь и раньше), подушки редуктора (замена каждые 150 тыс.), залипание дроссельной заслонки вследствие нагара в системе выпускного коллектора из-за функционирования системы рециркуляции отработанных газов (ERG) (химическая раскоксовка каждые 50 тыс. км или заглушение ERG).

Второе поколение CA20W (май 2000—2005) Править

Второе поколение RAV4 выпускалось с 2000 по 2005 год. Сохранились как трехдверные, так и пятидверные версии автомобиля. По аналогии с первым поколением RAV4 выпускались автомобили с передним приводом(в основном для рынка США и Японии) и постоянным полным.

Третье поколение CA30W (ноябрь 2005—2010) Править

В Японии третье поколение RAV4 появилось в продаже в ноябре 2005. В США и Канаде в декабре 2005 года. RAV4 третьего поколения лишился трехдверной версии. Произошли изменения и в схеме полного привода — он перестал быть постоянным полным. Для рынка США выпускается удлиненный вариант кузова, также имеется модификация с 6-цилиндровым двигателем рабочим объемом 3.5 литра. В 2010 году состоялась презентация обновленного RAV4

Обновление 2010 года Править

В 2010 год RAV4 вошёл с изменённой головной и задней оптикой, а решётка радиатора стала интегрированной в передний бампер. На рулевом колесе кроссовера появились дополнительные клавиши управления, в базовую комплектацию вошёл линейный аудиовход мультимедийной системы. Гамма силовых агрегатов и коробок передач не изменилась.

С 2010 года добавилась версия с длинной (2660 мм) колёсной базой, Toyota RAV4 III LWB. Длина автомобиля составляет 4625 мм. За счёт увеличения расстояния между осями возрос объём багажника, а пространство между передним и задним рядами сидений в новой версии RAV4 составляет 865 мм (в базовой версии — 800 мм).[1]

2011 модельный год в России Править

В России Toyota RAV4 2011 модельного года, представленная на Женевском автошоу весной 2010 года, начнёт официально продаваться с 1 июня 2010. Фактически, новый RAV4 представляет собой модернизированный кроссовер 2005 модельного года. Изменения коснулись внешности, комплектаций, одного из двух доступных в России двигателей и гаммы коробок передач.

2-литровый двигатель, доступный на RAV4 с так называемой короткой колёсной базой, и оснащённый системами Dual-VVT-i и Valvetronic, теперь мощнее на 6 л.с. (макс. мощность составляет 158 л.с.). Для этого варианта кроссовера полностью изменился набор коробок передач — на российском рынке будут предлагаться 6-ступенчатая МКПП и вариатор Multidrive S с ручным режимом переключения по 6 предустановленным передачам. Для Toyota RAV4 LWB 2011 доступна 4-ступенчатая АКПП.

Внешне RAV4 2011 модельного года также изменился: машина получила иные капот, решётку радиатора и передний бампер, сменили и дизайн колёсных дисков. Передок кроссовера теперь отчасти напоминает популярную Camry.

Согласно пресс-релизу Toyota, приём заявок на обновлённый RAV4 дилеры начнут уже 1 июня 2010 года, и стоимость базового «короткого» кроссовера с МКПП и передним приводом составит 899 тысяч рублей.[2]

Модельный ряд Править

См. также Править

Примечания Править

ar:تويوتا راڤ4

cs:Toyota RAV4 de:Toyota RAV4 en:Toyota RAV4 es:Toyota RAV4 fa:تویوتا راو ۴ fi:Toyota RAV4 fr:Toyota RAV4 hr:Toyota RAV4 id:Toyota RAV4 it:Toyota RAV4 ja:トヨタ・RAV4 nl:Toyota RAV4 no:Toyota RAV4 pl:Toyota RAV4 pt:Toyota RAV4 simple:Toyota RAV4 sk:Toyota RAV4 sv:Toyota RAV4 tr:Toyota RAV4 uk:Toyota RAV4

ru.pages.wikia.com

Toyota RAV4

Toyota RAV4 — компактный кроссовер, запущенный в производство в Японии в 1994 году. Первое поколение позиционировалось компанией Toyota как молодёжный автомобиль для активного отдыха, отсюда и происхождение названия (Recreation Active Vehicle), цифра «4» указывает на постоянный полный привод.

Первое поколение (SXA10)[править | править вики-текст]

Первое поколение RAV4 было создано на базе Toyota Celica GT-Four. В производство был запущен кузов с тремя дверями. C 1995 г начался выпуск 5-ти дверных кузовов. На автомобиль устанавливали двигатели, объёмом 2,0 литра, 3S-FE и 3S-GE мощностью соответственно 135 и 178 л.с. RAV4 первого поколения оснащался также механической либо автоматической коробкой передач и имел привод либо на передние, либо на все колеса. С 1998 г RAV4 первого поколения получил также версию кузова с тканевой крышей и прошёл незначительный рестайлинг. Toyota Rav4 уже первого поколения официально продавался на российском рынке.

Основные «болезни» первого поколения: течь верхнего сальника рулевой рейки через 120—150 тыс. пробега (замена сальника), сквозная коррозия горловины топливного бака через 100 тыс. пробега (замена), течь переднего и заднего сальника коленвала через 100 тыс. пробега (замена одним блоком ГРМ, помпа, оба сальника, сцепление с корзиной), ненадежный насос охлаждающей жидкости (помпа) (замена через 100 тыс. км, при максимальных нагрузках может потечь и раньше), подушки редуктора (замена каждые 150 тыс.), залипание дроссельной заслонки вследствие нагара в системе впускного коллектора из-за функционирования системы рециркуляции отработанных газов (EGR) (химическая раскоксовка каждые 50 тыс. км или заглушение EGR)[источник не указан 1666 дней].

Второе поколение (CA20W)[править | править вики-текст]

Второе поколение RAV4 выпускалось с 2000 по 2005 год. Сохранились как трехдверные, так и пятидверные версии автомобиля. По аналогии с первым поколением RAV4 выпускались автомобили с передним приводом (в основном для рынка США и Японии) и постоянным полным. На автомобиль устанавливали бензиновые двигатели объемом 1,8л 1ZZ-FE (123 л.с.) (переднеприводные автомобили), 2,0л 1AZ-FE, 1AZ-FSE (150 л.с.), 2,4л 2AZ-FE, 2AZ-FSE (161 л.с.), а также дизельный 2л двигатель D-4D (116 л.с.).

Модели 2001-2003 годов выпуска известны большим числом жалоб на АКПП, основная причина проблем которой - неисправность электронного блока управления[1][2][3]. Неисправность заключается в сильных ударах при переключениях передач. Проблема решается своевременной пропайкой или заменой микросхемы с последующим её "обучением". Несвоевременная диагностика и ремонт блока управления АКПП может привести к саморазрушению трансмиссии из-за сильных ударов, вызванных неисправностью блока. Дорогостоящая замена самой коробки вместо замены электронного блока управления вскоре приводила к тем же проблемам на коробке, что подтверждало дефект именно блока управления, а не коробки передач. Из-за этой проблемы Toyota объявляли отзывную кампанию и продляли гарантии на автомобили 2001-2003 г.в. до 10 лет[4]. Но, несмотря на это, сама по себе автоматическая коробка передач Aisin U140/U140F, устанавливаемая на этот автомобиль, является достаточно надёжной. Toyota опубликовала список проблемных ЭБУ, рекомендуемых к ремонту или замене[5]. Электронные блоки управления, которые не входят в опубликованный список, подобных проблем не вызывали[6][7].

Третье поколение (CA30W)[править | править вики-текст]

В Японии третье поколение RAV4 появилось в продаже в ноябре 2005. В США и Канаде в декабре 2005 года. RAV4 третьего поколения лишился трёхдверной версии. Произошли изменения и в схеме полного привода — он перестал быть постоянным полным. Для рынка США выпускается удлиненный вариант кузова, также имеется модификация с 6-цилиндровым двигателем рабочим объёмом 3,5 литра. В 2010 году состоялась презентация обновленного RAV4.

Обновление 2010 года[править | править вики-текст]

В 2010 год RAV4 вошёл с изменённой головной и задней оптикой, а решётка радиатора стала интегрированной в передний бампер. На рулевом колесе кроссовера появились дополнительные клавиши управления, в базовую комплектацию вошёл линейный аудиовход мультимедийной системы. Гамма силовых агрегатов и трансмиссии не изменились.

С 2010 года добавилась версия с длинной (2660 мм) колёсной базой — Toyota RAV4 III LWB. Длина автомобиля составляет 4625 мм. За счёт увеличения расстояния между осями возрос объём багажника, а пространство между передним и задним рядами сидений в обновлённой версии RAV4 составляет 865 мм (в базовой версии — 800 мм).[8]

2011 модельный год в России[править | править вики-текст]

В России Toyota RAV4 2011 модельного года, представленная на Женевском автошоу весной 2010 года, начала официально продаваться с 1 июня 2010. Фактически, новый RAV4 представляет собой модернизированный кроссовер 2005 модельного года. Изменения коснулись внешности, комплектаций, одного из двух доступных в России двигателей и гаммы коробок передач.

2-литровый двигатель 3ZR-FAE, доступный на RAV4 с короткой колёсной базой, и оснащённый системами Dual-VVT-i и Valvematic (система плавного изменения высоты подъёма клапанов), теперь мощнее на 6 л.с. (макс. мощность составляет 158 л.с. при 4400 об/мин). Для этого варианта кроссовера полностью изменился набор коробок передач — на российском рынке предлагаются 6-ступенчатая МКПП и вариатор Multidrive S с ручным режимом переключения по 7 предустановленным передачам. Toyota RAV4 LWB 2011 доступна с двигателем 2,4 л мощностью (180 л.с.) в паре с 4-ступенчатой АКПП.

Внешне RAV4 с 2010 модельного года также изменился: машина получила иные капот, решётку радиатора и передний бампер, сменили и дизайн колёсных дисков. Передняя часть кроссовера теперь несколько напоминает популярную Camry. Рестайлинг экстерьера не коснулся длиннобазной версии (в Японии RAV4 LWB с новым внешним видом доступен как Toyota Vanguard).

В октябре 2011 года было изменено количество лошадиных сил в двигателе 3ZR-FAE с 158 л.с. на 148 л.с. для экономии на транспортном налоге на территории Российской Федерации.

Основные характеристики:

двигатель мощность максимальный крутящий момент расход топлива
2 литровый 148 л.с. 198 Н·м 9,6 л/100км
2,4 литровый 180 л.с. 224 Н·м 12.6 л/100км

Динамические показатели:

Объём двигателя привод максимальная скорость разгон 0-100 км/ч мощность коробка передач
2 литровый 4X2 185 км/ч 10,4 сек 148 л.с механика 6 ступ.
2 литровый 4X4 185 км/ч 10,7 сек 148 л.с механика 6 ступ.
2 литровый 4X4 180 км/ч 11,5 сек 148 л.с вариатор бесступ.
2,4 литровый 4X4 180 км/ч 10.6 сек 170 л.с автомат 4 ступ.

Безопасность[править | править вики-текст]

Автомобиль прошёл тест Euro NCAP в 2006 году:

Euro NCAP[9]
Рейтинги    Пассажир 32
Ребёнок 39
Пешеход 21
Протестированная модель: Toyota RAV4 D-4D, LHD (2006)

Четвёртое поколение[править | править вики-текст]

Премьера RAV4 четвёртого поколения состоялась на мотор-шоу в Лос-Анджелесе в конце ноября 2012 года. По предварительной информации, кроссовер заметно прибавит в размерах по сравнению с предшественником. Продажи новинки должны стартовать в начале 2013 года[10]. Базовым двигателем по-прежнему остаётся 2-литровый бензиновый мотор, который выдает 150 л. с., который агрегатируется с шестиступенчатой "механикой" или вариатором. А вот вместо двигателя 2,4 л (170 л. с.) теперь будет предлагаться силовой агрегат объёмом 2,5 л, который выдает 180 л.с., который работает в паре только с «автоматом» (такой же устанавливается на седан Camry). Также предлагается два турбодизеля: 2,0 л мощностью 124 л.с.[11] и 2,2 л мощностью 150 л.с.[12]. Новое в экстерьере модели — c пятой двери убрали запасное колесо, которое перекочевало в багажник (и перестало быть полноразмерным)[13]. По информации, распространяемой дилерами Toyota, на территории СНГ продаются автомобили, собранные на заводе в Японии. Однако компания Toyota располагает производственными мощностями в Китае, где даже организовано производство двигателей для этой модели. При том, что в самом Китае данный автомобиль особой популярностью не пользуется. Ежегодные продажи в Китае составляют в районе 10 тыс. штук. (Продажи китайского клона — Chery Tiggo — около 70 тыс. в год). Мощность же FAW-Toyota, где собирают RAV4 — до 135000 штук в год.

Безопасность[править | править вики-текст]

Автомобиль прошёл тест Euro NCAP в 2013 году:

Euro NCAP[14]
общий рейтинг

89%

82%

66%

66%
взрослый пассажир ребёнок пешеход активная безопасность
Протестированная модель: Toyota RAV4, 2,2 дизель, mid grade, LHD (2013)

Статистика продаж Toyota RAV4[править | править вики-текст]

Год США Канада
1996 56,709
1997 67,489
1998 64,990
1999 57,138
2000 53,777
2001 86,368
2002 86,601
2003 73,204
2004 70,314
2005 70,518
2006 152,047
2007 172,752
2008 137,020 20,522
2009 149,088 25,784
2010 170,877 22,810
2011 132,237 21,550
2012 171,877 25,942

См. также[править | править вики-текст]

Примечания[править | править вики-текст]

ru.wiki.admicos.cf

Toyota RAV4

An all-electric version of the RAV4, the RAV4 EV, is detailed on its own page.

The Toyota RAV4 (pronounced "rav-four") is a Compact SUV Crossover SUV built and marketed by the Toyota Motor Corporation. The car was introduced in Japan and Europe in 1994 and sales began in North America in 1996 to cater to consumers wanting a vehicle that had most of the benefits of SUVs, such as increased cargo room, higher visibility, and the option of full-time Four-wheel drive, along with the maneuverability and Fuel economy in automobiles of a smaller car. The early success of the RAV4 paved the way for other compact SUVs such as the Honda CR-V, Mitsubishi Outlander, the Ford Escape/Mazda Tribute, and the Subaru Forester. Its name stands for "Recreational Active Vehicle with 4-wheel drive," although not all RAV4s have four wheel drive, which is optional in some countries.[1] In most countries, the RAV4 is the only compact SUV from Toyota. In other markets, it is the crossover counterpart of the FJ Cruiser.

First generation (1996–2000)

1996-1997 Toyota RAV4 2-door hardtop

The RAV4 was originally based on the Corolla platform, and was offered in both two and four-door versions. In the United States, a 2.0 L Straight-4 producing 120 hp (89 kW) was offered. Both Front wheel drive and Four-wheel drive were available, and the RAV4 could be had with either a five-speed manual or four-speed Automatic transmission. In 1998, the RAV4 was slightly restyled on the front and rear fascias, and a soft-top two-door was made available exclusively in the US market. Horsepower was increased slightly to 127. In 1999, the two-door hardtop was dropped from the American lineup, leaving the 4-door and soft-top models.

1998-2000 Toyota RAV4 2-door Convertible

One interesting version, the RAV4 EV, was an all-electric 'zero-emission' model offered for sale in small quantities in California. These models came with a 60,000-mile (97,000 km) battery warranty, and the vehicles still command high prices on the used-car market. One sold in 2006 on EBay for over United States dollar50,000.

A significant criticism of the gasoline-powered first generation RAV4s, often called '4.1s', was that they were underpowered, and had relatively poor fuel economy via their 3SFE Internal combustion engine that were designed for earlier Camrys and 1987-1989 Toyota Celica GT, 1990-1993 S-R and Z-R, as well as 1994-1999 SS-I. Later generations of RAV4s, the so-called '4.2s' and '4.3s', have addressed this concern.

Second generation (2001–2005)

The second generation RAV4 went on sale in the middle of 2000, and came in base Edge and upmarket Cruiser models (model designations may vary according to market), in both 3- and 5-door configurations. The main differentiation between the two models was in appearance. Edge models came with unpainted grey bumpers and side cladding, mirrors, and door handles, and featured steel rims. Cruiser models gained body-coloured (painted) bumpers and moldings, mirrors, and door handles, alloy wheels, and ABS brakes. All models came equipped with a brand-new 2.0 litre 4-cylinder engine featuring VVT (variable valve timing), resulting in improved power and torque, as well as fuel consumption. Permanent all-wheel-drive was a feature. Options were ABS brakes (on the Edge), and air conditioning (on all models).

The second generation RAV4 was originally offered in a number of trim levels: NV was 2-wheel drive, while NRG, GX, and VX were permanent 4-wheel drive with differing levels of equipment.[2] It continued on the Corolla platform. Although the RAV4 was available as a two-door in Europe, Asia and Australia, the American model was now only available in a four-door configuration. A 2.0 L Straight-4 engine producing 148 hp (110 kW) and a D4-D diesel engine were available. Some RAV4s came with Anti-lock braking system, Electronic stability control, Air conditioning, a height-adjustable driver's seat, Cruise control, a six-speaker CD Car stereo and Power window, Mirror and seats. A sport package added a mesh grille, hood scoop, color-keyed door handles, a roof rack, silver sport pedals, heated mirrors, gray-painted bumpers and fender flares, and sport fabric seats. Other options included alloy wheels, heated seats, a sunroof and keyless entry. 16-inch wheels were standard; larger tires were available on all wheel drive models.

2004-2005 Toyota RAV4 (US)

In late 2003, the RAV4 was given a styling update, improved equipment, and, in certain markets, a new engine. The RAV4's 2.0 litre engine was upgraded with a new 2.4 litre VVT engine, producing 9% more power (120 kW) and 17% more torque. Fuel economy improved by over 2%. The base Edge was renamed CV, and gained standard air conditioning (previously an option). The CV also received painted bumpers, which came in either silver or body-coloured shades, depending on the body colour. In addition, the model range was given a subtle facelift, largely comprising of a new front bumper with circular fog lights.

In 2005, a new "CV Sport" model was added to the range, which included a non-functional bonnet (hood) scoop, giving the RAV4 a more aggressive appearance. The CV Sport model was short-lived, lasting only a year, and was introduced primarily to stimulate sales until the new model arrived in early 2006.

The second generation RAV4 enjoyed enormous success in Australia, where it became the best-selling SUV in the country in 2001, overtaking it's rival, the Honda CR-V, for the first time.

Toyota RAV4 2 door

Notably, the second-generation RAV4 had the highest proportion of female drivers among all makes and models in the United States with the possible exception of the Volkswagen New Beetle, according to 2003-04 registration and survey data.[3]

Third generation (2006–present)

The Toyota RAV4 was completely redesigned for the 2006 model year, on an all-new platform. The 2-door was dropped, leaving Toyota without a mini SUV until the 2009 Toyota Urban Cruiser, which is sold only in Europe. It still has the 2AZ-FE 2.4 L four-cylinder engine, which now produces 166 hp (124 kW) @ 6,000 rpm, up five from the previous year, and 165 lb·ft @ 4,000 rpm.[4] The North American RAV4 is also fitted with the 2GR-FE 3.5 L V6 engine as an option. This engine was later introduced into the Australian market RAV4 in 2007. The new RAV4 topped Toyota SUV sales in the United States for the first time. It is also the first generation of RAV4 to be offered in regular (for Asian and European markets, dropping the spare wheel from the rear) and extended (for North American and Australian markets) versions.

The extended-length RAV4 is larger by 21% in interior volume from the last generation and now has an available third-row seat for two small children (North America only). The RAV4 can still be had in either front-wheel-drive or four-wheel-drive in the United States; however, most countries, including Canada, only sell the four-wheel-drive version.

JDM models are X, G, and Sport. The X and G can be ordered with either front-drive or 4WD. The Sport model with over fender is 4WD only.

In Australia, the RAV4 is sold in 4-cylinder base CV, Cruiser, and Cruiser L trim levels, and CV6, SX6, and ZR6 6-cylinder variants. The extended-length RAV4 is sold in Japan as the Toyota Vanguard.

Currently, the RAV4 is produced in two locations in Japan: Toyota's Tahara, Aichi assembly plant, and under contract by Toyota Industries in its Nagakusa, Obu, Aichi plant. Since May 2008, all North American models are built at Toyota's Woodstock, Ontario, Canada assembly plant.

In Malaysia, only the 2.0 automatic variant is available, in a single trim level. This model uses the 1AZ-FE Straight 4, in-line 16-valve engine with DOHC and VVT-i. The output for this the 2.0 L RAV4 in Malaysia is at 112 kW (150 hp) at 6,000 rpm with a torque of 194 Nm (143 lb·ft) at 4,000 rpm.

Facelift of 2009

The 2009 year model was freshened in some markets with several changes the most noticeable being a new 4 cylinder engine. Some of the exterior changes include redesigned headlamps, tail-lamps, front grille and bumper, and foglight trim. The Limited model gets a different front grille and bumper cover. The Sport model features a bigger spoiler and red badging along with an option on the V6 engine to have the rear door without the spare. New features/options include turn signal mirrors, backup camera (with monitor built into rear view mirror), satellite navigation, smart keyless entry, a push start button, a multifunction meter display, etc. With the option of run-flat tires, there is no spare tire mounted on the rear. Much of the interior remains the same.

In North America, the 2009 RAV4 comes with an all-new 2.5-liter four-cylinder AR series engine (elsewhere, the 2.4 litre engine remains), which is a low-friction design optimized for performance and fuel efficiency. It produces 179 horsepower (133 kW) at 6,000 rpm, along with 172 lb·ft. of torque at 4,000 RPM (versus 166 horsepower (124 kW) and 165 lb·ft. of peak torque of the previous 2.4-liter engine). The 2.5-liter engine employs Dual independent Variable Valve Timing with intelligence (VVT-i), which controls timing on both the intake and exhaust camshafts (compared to the intake-only previous 2.4-liter engine). The 269 horsepower (201 kW) 3.5-liter V6 engine continues. [5]

The 2009 D-4D will be upgraded to 150 horsepower (110 kW) and 340 Nm. The 2009 2.0 will get valvematic and produce 152 horsepower (113 kW) and 196 Nm.

2009 Toyota RAV4 Sport (North America)

2009 Toyota RAV4 SWB (Japan)

US Annual Sales

US Calendar Year Sales
2000[6] 53,777
2001 86,368
2002[7] 86,601
2003 73,204
2004[8] 70,314
2005 70,518
2006 152,047
2007 172,752
2008 137,020

References

External links

www.toyota-wiki.com

Смотрите также